Kitka River by Ilkka Halso


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Landscape
       

    ... has an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields, and constitutes a resource favourable to             economic activity and whose protection, management and planning can contribute to job creation;

         ...  Aware that the landscape contributes to the formation of local cultures and that it is a basic component of the European natural and cultural heritage, contributing to human well-being and consolidation of the European identity;

... Acknowledging that the landscape is an important part of the quality of life for people everywhere: in urban areas and in the countryside, in degraded areas as well as in areas of high quality, in areas recognised as being of outstanding beauty as well as everyday areas;

... Noting that developments in agriculture, forestry, industrial and mineral production techniques and in regional planning, town planning, transport, infrastructure, tourism and recreation and, at a more general level, changes in the world economy are in many cases accelerating the transformation of landscapes;

... Wishing to respond to the public’s wish to enjoy high quality landscapes and to play an active part in the development of landscapes;

... Believing that the landscape is a key element of individual and social well-being and that its protection, management and planning entail rights and responsibilities for everyone;






A landscape with a name
But if these words, above, from the Preamble of the
Landscape Conventione are to be transposed all way
into people's lives, it is obvious that landscape pictures
must be given a great deal of attention...
To Landscape & Citizens it's a question of making the
picturesque side of landscapein Sweden a driving force
of development...



"Pastische Modernism"

In Times of lacking Health
The word used by the group of journalists in Axess nr 4, 2009, seems OK. Johan Lundberg in a tone of a grieved Stockholmian man as an editor, sounds quite normal to me when writing with wrath (!):

”In this number of Axess we show you the destructive consequences of a dogmatic modernist understanding of ourselves, an understanding having been allowed to dominate within architecture and town planning during the 19th century.But we also want to point to some alternatives within the history of architecture (...) rplacing self-styled experts with their arbitrary decrees on what is and what is not within the flow of our time."

Perhaps we should jus stop here.

*

Landscape & Citizens however like to add just one more reading tip - somewhat of the same brew, also from 2009:

In a work, Unhealthy Times (Swedish title on photo to the right) the two ethnologists Jonas Frykman (Sweden) and Kjell Hansen ( Norway), discuss the hight rates of bad health, related to social institutional insurance systems, in a perspective where a rich photo material from the ensured people's "life settings" in various small Swedish municipalities seem to have their own say for their well-beings... 

Completely uncommented, though. Still revolutionary... This is an ongoing work work by a network of European researchers from different fields...


The big deal in these times of pre-ratification of the European Landscape Convention, seems to us to be the eternal (in Sweden particularly virulent) question of just how much planning and what kind of planning -  by whom? - is actually good for a people's health and "life environments?. The words of the Norwegian Senior Officer, A Moflag, ought probably be cited here once again not only because of their European approcah, but because they are still going strong: Objections heard from time to time!






Another serie of photos on the same theme;
 


 Lars Bygdemark, 2004 års naturfotograf   Mattias Dahlberg, Moderna Museet, Stockholm 2005     Mattias Dahlberg, Moderna Museet, Stockholm 2005

             Landscape of a chosen identity? Landscape "imposed" ?- GOOGLE


Landscape: "In favour of Sweden, in our Time"...?

Sweden is one of about ten countries having signed the European Landscape Convention.

However, we have not yet ratified it.

C D Friedrich, C D Friedrich, The Traveller above the sea of clouds, KunstHalle, Hamburg                                      
The most important thing about the Convention is probably that it is defined in relation to "us, human beings"...   Have
a look at the famous painting by D D Friedrich "Traveller above the clouds" that we have taken from the magazine for Sustainable spatial planning of Nature, culture and landscapeNaturopa. In 1998, the former French of Territorial
Planning and environment, Dominique Voynet, ( The Greens) wrote this, in 1998, about the "long history" of landscape:

"It is not possible to discuss landscapes, our surroundings of tomorrow, without referring to the past. In our old continent of Europe, human beings have been leaving their mark on their environment for thousands of years, shaping landscapes according to their activities".

Adding about the landscape of her country, she continues:
"landscapes which might be described as by-products of their economic atcitivieties". [---] "As a result of our ancestors' unrelenting efforts we have a tremendous variety of types of scenery and landscapes, which many countries envy us" ... before summing up:
"This state of affaires is incompatible with the wishes of a growing number of Europeans, who aspire to live and travel in pleasant suroundings."



              Skog med osynligt maktperspektiv?                                  



In Sweden the book Herrarna i skogen/Lords of the forest (2007) was widely read and cited.

With some pain, obviously Kerstin Ekman acknowledged a non-illusionary view on "landscape" transmitted by 

Simon Schama in 1995  in Landscape and Memory:

"Objectively, of course, the various ecosystems that sustain life on the planet proceed independently of human agency, just as they operated before the hective ascendancy of Homo sapiens. But it is also true that it is diffficult to think of a single natural system that has not, for the better or for worse, been substantially modified by human culture." (---) "And it is the argument of Landscape and Memory that it is used not for guilt and sorrow but for  celebration."









 C D Friedriech: Der Chasseur im Walde

Less theoretical is a book by cultural reporter of the Swedish Radio, Johannes Ekman, a book from another "Ekman" ( "Man of Oak"), however not related: Skogen i vårt inre - Utmark och frihetsdröm/ The forest inside of us - Outlying lands, dreams of liberty. But it penetrates deeply into the Nordic soul, which seems to cry somewhat for help in a sort poem as the following by Verner Aspenström ( Stream of Aspen):

"Oh, these dark forests within us
where giants slumber 
What we call the soul
is nothing but a wandering reflex of the sun
beneath the trees
A clearing
where a distorted light may reach"

Those shivering aspen leaves, however - are they not whispering about the need, in the Far North, for more universal wanderers à la Friedrich's first picture?! The risk of self-choking monotony, without! The deeply human need, to feel, of course, but in fact also to reflect, "... perceive" ...

Again, the need for the European Landscape Convention.

© Caspar David Friedrich-bild, Der Chasseur im Walde ( to the left, from book).









Landscape & Citizens believes there is a problem in our society concerning who (ought to), are the  real experts on landscape in Sweden? We have so long had definite expertise in the natural sciences domains, while more or less neglecting traditional - and changing - landscapes per se: a field considered "soft". And now? Experts haven't done their jobs, experts should be  redefined...


The Expert Perspective is incredibly deep in Sweden - (participative) democracy in consequence suffering...


- We need more of a Human Rights Perspective within a new field of landscape
 
- We need a broadening of the list of experts (also suggested by the Swedish National Heritage Board to the Ministry of Culture in   itsr Proposal of implementation of the ELC)
 
- We need to develop a 
landscape culture 

- We need more focus ont the really fragile Swedish built environment, all over the territory (cp the Swedish contribution in Sibiu, European Capital of Culture, 2007, at the 6th Workshops of the Implementation of the European Landscape Convention

 

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Projektledardag, Stockholm, 2006

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